July (Issue #432) Circuit Cellar

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4: IoT Infrastructure – On-Premises Deployment or Cloud Solution?, By Ignacio Siccardi

REFERENCES
[1] mqtt.org
[2] https://nodered.org
[3] https://www.influxdata.com/time-series-database/
[4] https://aws.amazon.com/what-is/containerization/
[5] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_private_network
[6] https://aws.amazon.com/free/iot/
[7] https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/iot-hub
[8] https://thingsboard.cloud
[9] https://www.thethingsnetwork.org

8: WWVB Timecode Generator – A Tool for Testing Radio-Controlled Clocks, By Robert Stewart

RESOURCES
CANADUINO | canaduino.com
Everset | everset.tech
Microchip | microchip.com

REFERENCES
[1] Bruce Hall. WWBV Clock. “bhall66/WWVB-Clock.” https://github.com/bhall66/WWVB-clock
[2] Bruce E. Hall. WWVB clock. Build a radio-controlled clock using a microcontroller and LCD display. http://w8bh.net/wwvb_clock.pdf
[3] Wikipedia. WWVB. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WWVB
[4] Eldar Slobodyan and Jason Ben Nathan, “ Build a Self-Correcting LED Clock.” Circuit Cellar #343, February, 2019.
[5] John Lowe. “Enhanced WWVB Broadcast Format”
https://www.nist.gov/system/files/documents/2017/05/09/NIST-Enhanced-WWVB-Broadcast-Format-1_01-2013-11-06.pdf
[6] U.S. Patent 8,300,687 (Eliezer, Oct. 30, 2012)
https://patents.google.com/patent/US8300687B1/en

Code and Supporting Files

16: Rust: An Embedded Lightning Rod – Nothing Is Quite as It Seems, By Tam Hanna

RESOURCES
Espressif | espressif.com
Rust | rust-lang.org
Ubuntu | ubuntu.com

REFERENCES
[1] https://horizon3.ai/attack-research/attack-blogs/analysis-of-2023s-known-exploited-vulnerabilities/
[2] https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch20-01-unsafe-rust.html
[3] https://arxiv.org/abs/2308.15046
[4] https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-dev-kits/en/latest/esp32c3/esp32-c3-devkit-rust-2/index.html
[5] https://developer.espressif.com/blog/2025/10/esp-hal-1
[6] https://users.rust-lang.org/t/rust-support-for-esp32s3-in-vs-code/134377/2
[7] https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/
[8] https://docs.espressif.com/projects/rust/esp-hal/1.0.0/esp32c6/esp_hal/index.html
[9] https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch04-00-understanding-ownership.html
[10] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R6X30t_T5xo

24: Designing Fail-Safe Contactor Drivers for Motor Start Circuits, By Faisal Mahmood

RESOURCES
Microchip | microchip.com
Mouser | mouser.com

REFERENCES
[1] https://www.ato.com/contactors

28: Introduction to Radar Systems – Part 1: Understanding Radio Detection and Ranging, By Tony Hanna

REFERENCES
[1] https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-Electronics/40s/Electronics-1945-09.pdf
[2] https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.1100866
[3] https://www.radartutorial.eu/04.history/hi05.en.html
[4] https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10174107/1/2210.00446.pdf
[5] https://www.radartutorial.eu/07.waves/Waves%20and%20Frequency%20Ranges.en.html
[6] G. W. Stimson et al., Introduction to Airborne Radar, 3rd ed. SciTech Publishing, 2014.
[7] https://www.sciencefacts.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Doppler-Effect.jpg

34: TECHNOLOGY FEATURE: Airborne Sensors – Architectures, Timing, and What Really Flies, By Curtis Franklin

40: MCUs – MCUs at the Heart of the Edge – Modern MCUs Go Beyond Simple Process Control, By Curtis Franklin

Datasheet URLs:
Espressif: https://documentation.espressif.com/esp32_datasheet_en.html
Microchip: https://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/Atmel-7810-Automotive-Microcontrollers-ATmega328P_Datasheet.pdf
Nordic Semiconductor: https://www.alldatasheet.com/datasheet-pdf/pdf/2221854/NORDIC/NRF52840.html
NXP Semiconductors: https://www.nxp.com.cn/docs/en/data-sheet/LPC55S0x_LPC550x.pdf
Renesas: https://www.alldatasheet.com/datasheet-pdf/pdf/1275956/RENESAS/RX66T.html
Raspberry Pi: https://pip.raspberrypi.com/documents/RP-008371-DS-1-rp2040-datasheet.pdf
STMicroelectronics: https://www.st.com/en/microcontrollers-microprocessors/stm32f4-series/documentation.html
Texas Instruments: https://www.ti.com/product/MSP430F149
Texas Instruments: https://www.ti.com/lit/ds/symlink/cc2640.pdf

44: EMBEDDED SYSTEM ESSENTIALS: The Tireless Intern: LLM Coding Agents for Embedded Work – Using AI Speeds Security Tooling, By Colin O’Flynn

RESOURCES
Raspberry Pi | raspberrypi.com
VScode | code.visualstudio.com
TinyUSB | tinyusb.org

48: PICKING UP MIXED SIGNALS: Blues Latest IoT Modules, Notecard for Skylo and Notecarrier CX, By Brian Millier

RESOURCES
Arduino | https://www.arduino.cc
Blues | https://blues.com
STMicroelectronics | https://www.st.com

63: The Future of the Ultimate User Experience – Signal-to-Noise Ratio for Voice Activity Detection Devices -How to Design in VADl, By Emil Garnell and Bruno Flament

RESOURCES
TDK | www.tdk.com

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July (Issue #432) Circuit Cellar