December (issue #425) Circuit Cellar

Click here for the Circuit Cellar article code archive

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This issue is available in PDF format from our webshop.
As individual articles are made available on the website they will be linked on the TOC page-here

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4: Data Acquisition with the General Purpose Instrument Bus – Part 1: Design and Installation, By Tam Hanna

RESOURCES
National Instruments | www.ni.com

REFERENCES
[1] Source of KISS-488 units:
https://www.hxengineering.com/shop/kiss-488-rev-2-bench-pack-of-3/
[2] National Instruments: https://www.ni.com
[3]: Linux Kernal News: https://www.phoronix.com/news/Linux-6.17-Staging
[4] Notice of Board Change—NI PCIe-GPIB
https://download.ni.com/support/manuals/372591a.pdf
[5] Downloading the drivers:
https://www.ni.com/en/support/downloads/drivers/download.ni-488-2.html
[6] Solartron 2071 Multimeter:
https://www.industrialcalibration.co.uk/downloads/Solartron%207150%20Specification.pdf
[7] Command set for Solartron 2071 Multimeter:
https://archive.org/details/solartron_Solartron_Schlumberger_7150_Plus_User_Manual/page/n73/

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10: Embedded DSP with the RT1010 MCU – Part 1: Workflow and FIR Filters, By Raul Alvarez-Torrico

REFERENCES
[1] Embedded Media Processing, https://www.analog.com/media/en/dsp-documentation/embedded-media-processing/embedded-media-processing-chapter5.pdf
[2] TFilter free online tool: http://t-filter.engineerjs.com/

SOURCES
MIMXRT1010-EVK: https://www.nxp.com/part/MIMXRT1010-EVK

RESOURCES
NXP i.MX RT1010 Video guide:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W1_jAWtJ3DQ&list=PLsRBa4uXjihbNUr6238NYgdE8GRMZkTM6
Getting Started with i-MX RT1010 Evaluation Kit
https://www.nxp.com/document/guide/getting-started-with-i-mx-rt1010-evaluation-kit:GS-MIMXRT1010-EVK

Code and Supporting Files

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22: Designing Analog Electronics – Part 2: Signal Conditioning with Op Amps, By Andrew Levido

REFERENCES
[1] Andrew Levido, “Designing Analog Electronics. Part 1: Errors and Uncertainty.” Circuit Cellar #424, November, 2025.
[2] “LT1997-1 Datasheet and Product Info | Analog Devices.” n.d. Accessed October 12, 2025. https://www.analog.com/en/products/lt1997-1.html
[3] “INA821 Data Sheet, Product Information and Support | TI.com.” n.d. Accessed October 12, 2025. https://www.ti.com/product/INA821

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29: Encrypted MQTT Protocol for Critical Sectors Mechanisms, Challenges, and Best Practices, By Ignacio Siccardi

RESOURCES
EMQX | www.emqx.com

SOURCES
https://mqtt.org/
https://www.cloudflare.com/learning/ssl/transport-layer-security-tls/

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32: TECHNOLOGY FEATURE: Sensors in the Spotlight – The Next Decade of Embedded Sensor Systems, By Curtis Franklin

REFERENCES
[1] https://assets.dwyeromega.com/manuals-do/S2.pdf
[2] https://www.sick.com/media/pdf/1/41/341/dataSheet_S10B-9011BA_1042266_en.pdf
[3] https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/mckinsey-explainers/what-are-industry-4-0-the-fourth-industrial-revolution-and-4ir
[4] https://asairsensors.com/product/dht11-sensor/
[5] https://www.ifm.com/us/en/product/AE2100

RESOURCES
Aosong Electronic Co., Ltd. | https://asairsensors.com
DwyerOmega | https://dwyeromega.com
ifm | https://www.ifm.com
McKinsey & Company | https://www.mckinsey.com
SICK | https://www.sick.com

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38: DATASHEET: Small Size, Big Power – Smaller Microcontrollers Bring New Possibilities, By Curtis Franklin

DATASHEET URLS:
AAEON Technology: https://www.aaeon.com/en/product/detail/de_next_de_next-rap8/specification
Arduino: https://docs.arduino.cc/hardware/uno-q
Expressif Systems: https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-adf/en/latest/design-guide/dev-boards/user-guide-esp32-s3-korvo-2.html
Baoding Feiling Embedded Technology: https://www.forlinx.com/product/204.html
IBASE Technology: https://www.ibase.com.tw/english/download/RISC-Based_Embedded_Solutions_Catalog/IBR500_Datasheet.pdf
Orange Pi: https://www.orangepi.org/html/hardWare/computerAndMicrocontrollers/service-and-support/Orange-Pi-4-Pro.html
Particle Industries: https://docs.particle.io/assets/pdfs/datasheets/photon-2-datasheet.pdf
PJRC: https://pjrc.com/teensy/IMXRT1060RM_rev3_annotations.pdf
Raspberry Pi: https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/pico/pico-2-product-brief.pdf

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42: MODERN EMBEDDED INSIGHTS: Designing Embedded Software Architectures That Last, By Jacob Beningo

REFERENCES
[1] Embedded Software Architecture Worksheets and ADR Templates
https://beningo.short.gy/CCarchitecture
[2] Embedded Bytes Newsletter
https://www.beningo.com/insights/newsletter/

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48: START TO FINISH: Understanding MCU Timing – What Actually Happens Inside That Chip?, By Stuart Ball

Code and Supporting Files

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54: EMBEDDED IN THIN SLICES: Bob’s Wrap Up, By Bob Japenga

RESOURCES
[1] https://ListeningToGod.org/CircuitCellar/Glass_Industry_Magazine_Article_Japenga_1979.pdf
[2] https://cc-webshop.com/collections/archives-circuit-cellar-issues-pdfs
[3] http://sunnyday.mit.edu/16.355/parnas-criteria.html “On the Criteria To Be Used in Decomposing Systems into Modules” D.L. Parnas 1972
[4] http://sunnyday.mit.edu/16.355/wirth-refinement.html “Program Development by Stepwise Refinement” Niklaus Wirth 1971
[5] https://web.archive.org/web/20240607143702/http://microtoolsinc.com/papers/how-srs/ “How to Write a Software Requirements Specification” Bob Japenga
[6] Bob Japenga, “Debugging Real-Time Systems.” Circuit Cellar 381-397, April 2022-August 2023.
[7] Bob Japenga, “Lehman’s Laws of Software Evolution.” Circuit Cellar 379, February, 2022.
[8] Bob Japenga, “The Power of Checklists.” Circuit Cellar 337, August, 2018.
[9] https://www.victorstanleyrelay.com/ The Smart Municipal Garbage Can IoT

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63: TECH THE FUTURE: The Future of Sensors in Safety Systems – Sensing the Stop – How Magnetic Sensors Are Enabling the Next Generation of Braking Systems, By Karsten Köhler

RESOURCES
TDK-Micronas | www.micronas.tdk.com