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December (issue #389) Circuit Cellar

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6: The Amazing Electret: Near-Permanent Charge Without a Voltage Supply, By George R. Steber

REFERENCES
[1] C. L. Stong, “How to make electrets.” Scientific American, Vol. 219, No. 1 (July 1968), pp. 122-132.
http://www.tuks.nl/pdf/Reference_Material/Electrets/Strong%20-%20How%20to%20make%20an%20Electret%20-%201960.pdf
[2] G.M. Sessler, Electrets, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 1987.
[3] Bill W. Lee and David E. Orr, “The Triboelectric Series.”
https://www.alphalabinc.com/triboelectric-series/
[4] Jose A Giacometti, “Corona charging of polymers.” Brazilian Journal of Physics, Vol. 29, No. 2, June, 1999
https://www.scielo.br/j/bjp/a/bFKy9Q7MVPf8fRRwX7CqLCN/?lang=en&format=pdf
[5] H. Mellouki, “Tribo and corona charging and charge decay on polymers plates.”
The 5th International Conference on Electrical Engineering – Boumerdes (ICEE-B)
October 29-31, 2017, Boumerdes, Algeria
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321816804_Tribo_and_corona_charging_and_charge_decay_on_polymers_plates
[6] Yu-Chi Chen, “A thin light flexible electromechanically actuated electret-based loudspeaker for automotive applications.” IEEE Transactions On Industrial Electronics, Vol. 59, No. 11, November 2012.
[7] F.-R. Fan, Z.-Q. Tian, and Z. Lin Wang, “Flexible triboelectric generator,” Nano Energy, Vol. 1, No. 2, March, 2012, pp. 328-334.
[8] Simiao Niu and Zhong Lin Wang, “Theoretical systems of triboelectric nanogenerators.” Nano Energy, Vol. 14, May, 2015.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211285514002353
[9] Junwen Zhong, QizeZhong, FengruFan, YanZhang, Sihong Wang, BinHu, Zhong Lin Wang, “Finger typing driven triboelectric nanogenerator and its use for instantaneously lighting up LEDs.” Nano Energy, Vol. 2, No. 4, July, 2013.
[10] Atsushi Kawaguchi, Haruki Uchiyama, Masahiro Matsunaga and Yutaka Ohno. “Simple and highly efficient intermittent operation circuit for triboelectric nanogenerator toward wearable electronic applications.” Appl. Phys. Express Vol. 14, No. 5, April, 2021.
[11] William Harmon, David Bamboje, Hengyu Guo, Zhong Wang. “Self driven power management system for triboelectric nanogenerators.” Nano Energy, Vol. 71, 2020.


14: Remote Updating of Microcontroller Firmware: Using an ESP32 MCU and Apache HTTP Server, By Pedro Bertoleti

REFERENCES
[1] Espressif software development kit
https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/latest/esp32/
[2] ESP32 documentation
https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/latest/esp32/api-guides/partition-tables.html
[3] Arduino-ESP32 official support by Espressif
https://github.com/espressif/arduino-esp32/blob/master/libraries/Update/src/Update.h
[4] GitHub repository for the example project
https://github.com/phfbertoleti/ESP32_FUOTA_example

RESOURCES
Arduino IDE:
https://docs.arduino.cc/software/ide-v1/tutorials/arduino-ide-v1-basics
ESP-IDF:
https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esp-idf/en/latest/esp32/

Code and Supporting Files


22: Software-Defined Radios: Their Use in Testing & Measurement Applications, By Brendon McHugh and Kaue Morcelles

RESOURCE
Cyan software-defined radio.
https://www.pervices.com/

REFERENCES
[1] Sreethivya, M., Dhanya, M. G., Nimisha, C., Gandhiraj, R., and Soman, K. P. (2014). “Radiation pattern of Yagi-UDA antenna using USRP on GNU radio platform.” International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology, 03(19), 69–71. https://doi.org/10.15623/ijret.2014.0319014.
[2] Marinho, D., Arruela, R., Varum, T., and Matos, J. N. (2020). “Software-defined radio beamforming system for 5G/radar applications.” Applied Sciences, 10(20), 7187.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/346245003_Software-Defined_Radio_Beamforming_System_for_5GRadar_Applications
[3] Polese, M., Bonati, L., D’Oro, S., Basagni, S., and Melodia, T. (2021). “ColO-RAN: Developing machine learning-based xApps for open RAN closed-loop control on programmable experimental platforms.” IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing. (Submitted for publication.)
https://arxiv.org/pdf/2112.09559


28: GUI-O: A “Virtual” Front Panel: For ESP32 Projects, By Brian Millier

RESOURCES
GUI-O Android app and Live Designer utility software: https://www.gui-o.com/
GUI-0 Developer Manual https://drive.google.com/

39: Automated Test Suite: The Selection, By Michael Lynes

REFERENCES
[1] FDA 21 CFR Part 11:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=11
[2] FDA 21 CFR Part 58:
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=58&showFR=1


46: DATASHEET: Tiny Embedded Boards: A Range of Powerful, Ultra-Compact Options, By Sam Wallace

DFRobot Beetle RP2040 Datasheet: https://dfimg.dfrobot.com/nobody/wiki/30e3da20a314f1c821a369922ab3dd4a.pdf
Digi Internation Xbee 3 Datasheet:
https://www.digi.com/resources/library/data-sheets/ds_xbee-3-zigbee-3
F&S Elektronik Systeme PicoCore MX8MM Datasheet:
https://www.fs-net.de/assets/download/docu/PicoCore/PicoCoreMX8MM-A4-Englisch.pdf
GHI Electronics SITCore Flea SBC Datasheet: https://docs.ghielectronics.com/hardware/sitcore/sbc.html
InnoComm SB35 Datasheet available for download at: https://www.innocomm.com/product_inner.aspx?num=2289
Raspberry Pi Zero 2 Datasheet:
https://datasheets.raspberrypi.com/rpizero2/raspberry-pi-zero-2-w-product-brief.pdf
Seeed Studio XIAO ESP32C3 Datasheet:
https://files.seeedstudio.com/wiki/Seeed-Studio-XIAO-ESP32/esp32-c3_datasheet.pdf
SolidRun LX2-Lite Datasheet:
https://www.solid-run.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/LX2-Lite-SOM-Datasheet-2022-1-1.pdf
Variscite DART-6UL Datasheet:
https://www.variscite.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/DART-6UL_DART-6UL-5G-Datasheet.pdf


50: THE MAGIC SMOKE FACTORY: Smartphone App with ESP32, By Joseph Corleto

REFERENCES
[1] Thunkable’s project video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sNpCTsVifo4
[2] Thunkable Live app on Google Play: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.thunkable.live&gl=US

Code and Supporting Files


58: EMBEDDED IN THIN SLICES: Debugging Embedded Real-Time Systems: Tools Needed to Debug On the Go, By Bob Japenga

REFERENCES
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_tools_for_static_code_analysis
[2] https://www.wireshark.org/
[3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borland_Turbo_Debugger
[4] https://www.fluke.com/en-us/products/temperature-measurement/ir-thermometers


62: START TO FINISH: Introduction to Impedance: What is It, and How it Applies to Embedded Systems, By Stuart Ball

REFERENCES
[1] Wikipedia article about time-domain reflectometers:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time-domain_reflectometer
[2] Altium article on differential pair impedance:
https://resources.altium.com/p/differential-pair-impedance-using-calculator-design-your-pcb
[3] Sierra Circuits article on microstrips and striplines: https://www.protoexpress.com/blog/difference-between-microstrip-stripline-pcb/

RESOURCES
Aavid | boydcorp.com/aavid.html
Linear Technology (Acquired by Analog Devices) | www.analog.com
STMicroelectronics | www.st.com
Texas Instruments | www.ti.com


68: From the Bench: Just How Fast Was I Driving, Officer? Build a Solar-Powered Radar Detector, By Jeff Bachiochi

REFERENCES
[1] Jeff Bachiochi, “Rainbow LEDs.” Circuit Cellar 388, November, 2022.
[2] Application of C-band Doppler Weather Radar (CDR) for Detecting Volcanic Ash Dispersion of Sinabung Eruption – Scientific Figure on ResearchGate. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Cartoons-from-the-Doppler-weather-radar-the-distance-to-the-location-of-the-rain-is_fig1_333611911
[3] https://www.infineon.com/cms/en/search.html#!term=AN472&view=downloads
[4] https://www.infineon.com/cms/en/search.html#!term=AN597&view=downloads
[5] Shadow box: –
https://www.michaels.com/black-extra-deep-shadowbox-10×10-studio-decor/10229048.html
[6] Solar panel: –
www.powoxi.com
https://www.powoxi.com/products/6w-solar-charger-6v#

RESOURCES
arduino | www.arduino.com
infenion | www.infenion.com

Code and Supporting Files


79: TECH THE FUTURE: The Future of Data Centers: It’s Time to Rethink Data Center Architecture, By Vito Savino

REFERENCES
[1] https://www.dw.com/en/data-centers-energy-consumption-steady-despite-big-growth-because-of-increasing-efficiency/a-60444548
[2] https://energyinnovation.org/2020/03/17/how-much-energy-do-data-centers-really-use/
[3] https://www.energy.gov/articles/war-currents-ac-vs-dc-power
[4] https://www.powermag.com/benefits-of-high-voltage-direct-current-transmission-systems/

RESOURCES
ABB Power Conversion | www.abbpowerconversion.com

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December (issue #389) Circuit Cellar

by Circuit Cellar Staff time to read: 4 min